Oncogenomics

Li-Xuan Qin Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, U.S.A. Abstract Background: MicroRNAs are believed to play an important role in gene expression regulation. They have been shown to be involved in cell cycle regulation and cancer. MicroRNA expression profiling became...

The myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) are clonal stem cell disorders, characterized by ineffective and dysplastic hematopoiesis. The genetic and epigenetic pathways that determine disease stage and progression are largely unknown. In the current study we used gene expression microarray methodology to examine the gene expression differences between normal hematopoietic cells and...

In the review, the nature of protein multifunctionality is analyzed. In the first part of the review the principles of structural/functional organization of protein are discussed. In the second part, the main mechanisms involved in development of multiple functions on a single gene product(s) are analyzed. The last part represents...

Sirtuins are NAD+-dependent histone deacetylases (Class III HDACs). Recently, Sirtuins have been shown to play important roles, both direct and indirect, in transcriptional regulation. This transcriptional control, through incorporation of Sirtuins into transcription complexes and deacetylation of histones locally at gene promoters, or direct interaction with specific transcription factors, is...

Indira Poola1, Jessy Abraham1, Aiyi Liu3, Josephine J. Marshalleck2 and Robert L. DeWitty1 1Department of Surgery and Breast Center and 2Pathology, Howard University School of Medicine, Washington, DC 20059, and 3Biometry and Mathematical Statistics Branch, National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD...

Christine L. Hattrup1,3, Judy M. Bradley, Kari L. Kotlarczyk, Cathy S. Madsen, Joseph G. Hentz, Ronald J. Marler2 and Sandra J. Gendler1 1Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 2Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Mayo Clinic Arizona, 13400 E. Shea Boulevard, Scottsdale, Arizona,...

In the last two decades there has been considerable progress in our understanding of the role of sphingolipids in controlling signal transduction processes, particularly in the mechanisms leading to regulation of cell growth and death. Ceramide is a well-characterized sphingolipid metabolite and second messenger that can be produced by cancer...

Gene associated with retinoid-interferon-β-induced mortality (GRIM)—19, was originally identifi ed as a critical regulatory protein necessary for Interferon-β-Retinoic acid-induced cell death. Overexpression of GRIM-19 activates cell death and its suppression or inactivation promotes cell growth. GRIM-19 targets multiple proteins/pathways for exerting growth control and cell death. However, GRIM-19 is also...

A great amount of literature has demonstrated a connection between obesity, visceral fat and the metabolic disorders such as hyperglycemia, hypertension, and hyperlipidemia. Lately, there has been an increased interest in understanding if cancer is related to obesity and visceral fat accumulation. The prevalence of both obesity and cancer are...

Sudeep K. Bose, Rebecca S. Bullard and Carlton D. Donald Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina (MUSC), 165 Ashley Avenue, PO Box 250620, Charleston, SC—29425, U.S.A. Abstract Prostate cancer is the second leading cause of cancer death among men in the United States...

Viggo Jønsson1, Geir E. Tjønnfjord2, Tom B. Johannesen3, Sven Ove Samuelsen4 and Bernt Ly5 1Department of Hematology, Aker University Hospital, University of Oslo, Norway. 2Department of Hematology, Rikshospital and Radium Hospital, University of Oslo, Norway. 3,5The National Norwegian Cancer Registry, Oslo, Norway. 4Department of Biostatistics, Faculty of Mathematics, University...

Sheng Wang and Douglas V. Faller Boston University School of Medicine, Cancer Research Center, Boston, MA, U.S.A. Abstract Tumor formation results from alterations in the normal control of cell proliferation. In the past decade, much attention in cancer research has been focused on the function of proto-oncogenes...

Tobias Gremmel1, Susanne Wild1, Winfried Schuller2, Viola Kürten3, Klaus Dietz4, Jean Krutmann1 and Mark Berneburg2 1Institut für Umweltmedizinische Forschung at the Heinrich-Heine-University gGmbH, Auf´m Hennekamp 50, D-40225 Düsseldorf, Germany.2 Molecular Oncology and Aging, Department of Dermatology, Eberhard-Karls-University, Tübingen, Germany.3 Department of Dermatology, Heinrich-Heine-University, Moorenstr. 5, D-40225 Düsseldorf, Germany.4 Department...

James V. Alvarez1, Neelanjan Mukherjee2, Arnab Chakravarti2, Pierre Robe3, Gary Zhai2, Abhijit Chakladar2, Jay Loeffler2, Peter Black3 and David A. Frank1,4 1Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, 2Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 3Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School,...

Oleg Tatarov and Joanne Edwards Section of Surgery, Division of Cancer Sciences and Molecular Pathology, University of Glasgow, Royal Infirmary, Glasgow, G31 2ER.Abstract: No abstract provided.

Nancy Dos Santos1, Golareh Habibi1, Michelle Wang1, Jennifer H. Law1, Heather N. Andrews1, Daniel Wei2, Timothy Triche2, Shoukat Dedhar3 and Sandra E. Dunn1 1Department of Pediatrics, Child and Family Research Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC Canada. 2Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, USC Keck School of Medicine, Children’s...

Ali Hachem1 and Suvobroto Nandi2 1The Cancer Center of Huntsville, Huntsville, AL 35801. 2Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego. 9500 Gilman Drive, M/C 0838, La Jolla, CA 92093.Abstract: The oncogene MCTS1, discovered as an amplified product in a subset of T-cell lymphoma lines, has been implicated in cell...

Joyce Wu, Anna L. Stratford, Arezoo Astanehe and Sandra E. Dunn Laboratory for Oncogenomic Research, Departments of Pediatrics, Experimental Medicine and Medical Genetics, Child and Family Research Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.Abstract: The Y-box Binding Protein-1 (YB-1) is a highly conserved oncogenic transcription/translation factor that is...

Muthusamy Kunnimalaiyaan, Megan R. Haymart and Herbert Chen Endocrine Surgery Research Laboratories, Section of Endocrine Surgery, Department of Surgery, The University of Wisconsin, and the University of Wisconsin Paul P. Carbone Comprehensive Cancer Center, Madison, WI, U.S.A.Abstract: There is a growing body of literature suggesting that signaling based therapy might...

Arkadiusz Welman, Jane Barraclough and Caroline Dive Cancer Research U.K., Paterson Institute for Cancer Research, University of Manchester, Wilmslow Road, Manchester M20 4BX, United Kingdom.Abstract: The increasing number of proteomic and DNA-microarray studies is continually providing a steady acquisition of data on the molecular abnormalities associated with human tumors. Rapid...

Wun-Jae Kim1 and Yong-June Kim2 1Department of Urology, Chungbuk National University, College of Medicine and Institute for Tumor Research, 62 Kaeshin-dong, Heungduk-gu, Cheongju 361-763 South Korea. 2Department of Urology, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine, Cheongju, South Korea.Abstract: Many tumor markers for bladder cancer have been evaluated for use in...

Chronic eosinophilic leukemia is a clonal disease characterized by hypereosinophilia and eosinophilia-related pathologic manifestations. Recently, the fusion gene FIP1L1/PDGFRA was found in the long arm of chromosome 4 and its expression has been shown to be associated with development of a clinical hypereosinophilic syndrome (HES) in a significant proportion of...

Background: Potassium bromate (KBrO3), used in both the food and cosmetics industry, and a drinking water disinfection by-product, is a nephrotoxic compound and rodent carcinogen. To gain insight into the carcinogenic mechanism of action and provide possible biomarkers of KBrO3 exposure, the gene expression in kidneys from chronically exposed male...

Multiple lines of evidence implicate over-expression and activation of the androgen receptor (AR) in the progression of prostate cancer (PC) to androgen-independence (AI) and resistance to therapy. The mechanisms leading to AR over-expression are not fully understood but binding of Sp1 to specific Sp1-binding sites in the AR promoter and...

Background: c-Met mutations play a critical role in the development and progression of primary tumors and metastases. Activation of the HGF/SF-c-Met pathway determines a poor prognosis in non-small-cell and small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) patients. Missense mutations of c-Met have been identified in SCLC patients located in the juxtamembrane (JM) and...

Conventional gene expression profiling relies on using fluorescent detection of hybridized probes. Physical characteristics of fluorophores impose limitations on achieving a highly multiplex gene analysis of single cells. Our work demonstrates the feasibility of using metal-tagged in situ hybridization for mRNA detection by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). ICP-MS...

Alan C. Moss1, Peter P. Doran2 and Padraic MacMathuna1,31Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, School of Medicine and Medical Sciences, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland and Division of Gastroenterology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, U.S.A. 2General Clinical Research Unit and 3Gastrointestinal Unit, Mater Misericordiae University Hospital, Dublin 7,...