Reproduction

Hysterectomies were unknown in the field of obstetrics and gynaecology until the 19th century. In the 20th century they were perhaps too frequently performed whereas the 21st century has witnessed a steep decline in hysterectomy numbers. It is therefore an opportune time to review the indications for hysterectomies, hysterectomy techniques...

The gonadal arteries normally arise from the abdominal aorta. There are reports about the variant origin of these arteries. In the present study, we investigated the origin and course of the gonadal arteries and clinical implications of variant gonadal arteries are discussed. Out of 60 dissections, in 55 cases the...

Background: Cervical cancer is preventable with regular PAP tests and the human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine. Objective: Identify factors influencing initiation into regular sexual health examinations within a group of undergraduate health science students who have high parental SES. Methods: After reviewing the literature, a survey of knowledge, attitudes and behaviors about HPV...

No abstract available.

Obesity presents an increasing prevalence in developed countries and impairs human reproduction in both natural and assisted conception cycles. A healthy liveborn is less probable among obese women due to a combination of lower implantation and pregnancy rates, higher preclinical and clinical miscarriage rates and more frequent complications during pregnancy...

There has been an astounding explosion in the number of clinics offering ART techniques- 426 program in the US and 600 in Europe. Despite enormous advances regarding the technical aspects of the IVF procedure, the parents’ contribution has virtually been ignored. What is reassuring for patients is that lifestyle...

A strong body of evidence indicates that the negative effect of cigarette smoking on fertility comprises fairly every system involved in the reproductive process. The impact of cigarette smoking on ovarian reserve is clearly evidenced by younger age at menopause of smokers. Tobacco compounds’ impairment of the process of ovarian...

This presentation deals with three different and diverse subject areas which may have effects on the reproductive potential of an individual. Pollutants or environmental contaminants are compounds or chemicals which may be persistent and ubiquitous, sedentarism which is related to lifestyle and circadian rhythm which is inherent in tissues, organs...

Preeclampsia is a major cause of maternal mortality worldwide, with many preventive strategies tested. In this review we intend to provide a synthesis of available studies of these strategies that have been tested, including systematic reviews. We will not be performing systematic review of the studies here. Of these strategies...

Trophectoderm formation is the first cell lineage segregation during early embryo development. Further differentiation of trophectoderm to various types of trophoblasts is the key event of placentation process, which is crucial for embryonic implantation and successful pregnancy. The anatomic structure of human placenta is different from that of rodents which...

In humans there is evidence that in utero exposure to cigarette smoke results in decreased fertility in female offspring. We have demonstrated in rats that fetal and neonatal exposure to nicotine alone results in impaired fertility and increased follicular atresia in the adult female offspring. In mammals, the insulin-like growth...

Background: Medical termination of pregnancy [TOP] during the early first trimester is commonly used. However, treatment failure which warrants surgical intervention occurs in small proportion of patients. Our objective was to examine the effectiveness and predictive value of sonographic measurement of endometrial thickness during a follow up visit after medical...

Roger J. Lins and Murray D. Mitchell National Research Centre for Growth and Development and The Liggins Institute, The University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland, New Zealand. Abstract The appropriate modulation of gene expression in gestational tissues is an essential requirement for a successful pregnancy. Epigenetic...

Petra M. Casey1, Mary L. Marnach2 and Sandhya Pruthi3 1Assistant Prof OBGYN, 2Instructor OBGYN, 3Assistant Professor Internal Medicine, College of Medicine at Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, U.S.A. Abstract Despite an increasing number of available contraceptive options, about 49% of the annual U.S. pregnancies remain unintended.1 Surprisingly, over...

Zeev Blumenfeld Associate Professor, Reproductive Endocrinology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Rambam Medical Centre, Technion- Faculty of Medicine, Haifa, Israel.Author interview Read an interview with Dr Zeev Blumenfeld here.  

William E. Roudebush, Wendy J. Kivens, Jessica M. Mattke Beckman Coulter, Inc., Immunoassay Business Group, Chaska, MN, USA Abstract The primary function of the female ovary is the production of a mature and viable oocyte capable of fertilization and subsequent embryo development and implantation. At birth, ...

Introductory Editorial by Dr Zeev Blumenfeld, Associate Professor, Reproductive Endocrinology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Rambam Medical Centre, Technion- Faculty of Medicine, Haifa, Israel.

Edward Younglai, Professor Emeritus Division of Reproductive Biology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, McMaster University, Health Sciences Centre, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.

William A. Cafruny1, Richard G. Duman1, Raymond R. Rowland2, Eric A. Nelson3, and Grace H. Wong4 1Sanford School of Medicine, University of South Dakota, 414 E. Clark St., Vermillion, S.D. 57069. 2Department of Diagnostic Medicine and Pathobiology, L-229 Mosier Hall, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS...