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Clinical Medicine: Oncology

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Utilization of Interferon in Gynecologic and Breast Cancer

Authors: Rosekeila Simões Nomelini, Marília de Carvalho Mardegan and Eddie Fernando Candido Murta
Publication Date: 11 Dec 2007
Clinical Medicine: Oncology 2007:1 111-120

Rosekeila Simões Nomelini1, Marília de Carvalho Mardegan2 and Eddie Fernando Candido Murta3

1Assistant professor, Discipline of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Discipline of Human Anatomy, Research Institute of Oncology (IPON), Federal University do Triângulo Mineiro (UFTM), Uberaba, Minas Gerais, Brazil. 2Post-graduate, Obstetric and Gynecologic Pathology, Research Institute of Oncology (IPON), Federal University do Triângulo Mineiro (UFTM), Uberaba, Minas Gerais, Brazil. 3Titular professor, Research Institute of Oncology (IPON)/ Discipline of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Federal University do Triângulo Mineiro (UFTM), Universidade Federal do Triângulo Mineiro (UFTM), Uberaba, Minas Gerais, Brazil.

Abstract: The usual treatment of gynecologic cancer has been surgery, chemotherapy and radiotherapy. New therapies are being developed to improve efficacy of treatment. Interferons are inducible secretory glycoproteins that have immunomodulatory, antiviral, anti-angiogenic and anti-proliferative effects. Their potential antitumor effect has been demonstrated in many studies. Some patients obtain beneficial effects; in other patients the treatment failure can occur. IFNs can modulate the immune response and inhibition of tumor angiogenesis. When any alteration in gene expression occurs, there is modulation of the receptors of other cytokines and enzymes that control cell function. These alterations can influence the differentiation, cell proliferation rate and apoptosis. The molecular mechanisms that control apoptotic cell death can be improved through cancer management using IFN in single, combination or adjuvant treatment. Malignant cells generally present defects in programmed cell death and apoptosis. Immunomodulation and angiogenesis inhibition are indirect antitumor mechanisms mediated by apoptosis. With regard to immunomodulation, IFNs can have antitumor effects through increases in cytotoxic T cells, natural killer cells and dendritic cells. Angiogenesis inhibition can result from endothelial cell apoptosis. This factor is important in inhibiting tumor genesis and forming metastases. The aim of this review is to discuss the role of Interferon in the treatment of gynecologic malignancies/breast cancer and mechanisms of action.

Categories: Cancer , Womens' health , Oncology


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