Clinical Medicine Insights: Endocrinology and Diabetes

GISTs are rare neoplasms, which were recently identified to be a distinct pathologic entity. They can develop in patients with neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) or may be sporadic. NF1 is one of the most common inherited diseases and is a complex disease, with patients having an increased prevalence of benign and malignant tumors, including pheochromocytomas. The association of pheochromocytoma(s) and GISTs in NF1 is very rare. We report an additional case of this triple association in a normotensive 60-year- old female with NF1 admitted for intestinal obstruction: a pheochromocytoma of the left adrenal gland was discovered and surgical resection is performed. We provide an overview of the literature. The coexistence of NF1-related pheochromocytoma and GISTs is uncommon, but perhaps not fortuitous, and endocrinologists should be aware of this.