Clinical Medicine Insights: Blood Disorders

Juliane Menezes¹, Mariana Emerenciano¹, Flávia Pimenta², Gilson Guedes Filho⁵, Isis Q. Magalhães³, Mariana Sant’Ana¹, Marina Lipkin Vasquez⁴, Ilana Zalcberg Renault⁴ and Maria S. Pombo-de-Oliveira¹

¹Programa de Hematologia e Oncologia Pediátricos, Centro de Pesquisa, Instituto Nacional de Câncer, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil. ²Departamento Medicina Interna, Disciplina Hematologia UFPB, João Pessoa, PB, Brazil. ³Departamento de Hematologia / Oncologia Pediátrica SES-DF, Brasília, DF, Brazil. ⁴Centro de Transplante de Medula Óssea—CEMO—Instituto Nacional de Câncer, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil. ⁵Departamento de Hematologia Hospital Universitário, João Pessoa, PB, Brazil.

Abstract

Although acute leukaemia is rare in pregnancy its importance lies in its life-threatening potential, both to the child and the mother. The possibility of vertical transmission of leukemic cells increases the attention devoted to these patients and their offspring. Three cases of pregnant young women (15–17 years of age) with AML are presented. This series of cases is the first report where gene abnormalities such as ITD mutations of the FLT3 gene and AML1/ETO fusion genes were screened in pregnant AML patients and their babies, so far. Unfortunately, very poor outcomes have been associated to similar cases described in literature, and the same was true to the patients described herein. Although very speculative, we think that the timing and possible similar exposures would be involved in all cases.

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